She is widely remembered for her efforts to help the poor and for her role in helping women win the right to vote. The youngest of five children, Eva as she came to be known had three older sisters and one older brother.
Juan Duarte worked as the estate manager of a large, successful farm, and the family lived in a house on the main street of their small town. However, Juana and the children shared Juan Duarte's income with his "first family," a wife and three daughters who lived in the nearby town of Chivilcoy.
Not long after Eva's birth, the central government, which had previously been run by wealthy and corrupt landowners, came under the control of the Radical Party, made up of middle-class citizens who favored reform.
Juan Duarte, who had benefited greatly from his friendships with those landowners, soon found himself without a job. He returned to his hometown of Chivilcoy to join his other family. When he left, Juan turned his back on Juana and their five children. Eva was not yet a year old. Juana and her children were forced to leave their home and move into a tiny house near the railroad tracks, where Juana made a meager living from sewing clothes for the townspeople.
Eva and her siblings had few friends; they were ostracized because their illegitimacy was considered scandalous. In , when Eva was 6 years old, her father was killed in a car accident. Juana and the children traveled to Chivilcoy for his funeral and were treated as outcasts by Juan's "first family.
Juana moved her family to a larger town, Junin, in , to seek more opportunities for her children. The older siblings found jobs and Eva and her sister enrolled in school. As a teenager, young Eva became fascinated with the world of movies; in particular, she loved American movie stars.
Eva made it her mission to one day leave her small town and life of poverty and move to Buenos Aires , the capital of Argentina, to become a famous actress.
Against her mother's wishes, Eva made the move to Buenos Aires in when she was only 15 years old. The actual details of her departure remain cloaked in mystery. In one version of the story, Eva traveled to the capital on a train with her mother, ostensibly to audition for a radio station.
When Eva succeeded in finding a job in radio, her angry mother then returned to Junin without her. In the other version, Eva met a popular male singer in Junin and convinced him to take her with him to Buenos Aires. In either case, Eva's move to Buenos Aires was permanent. She only returned to Junin for short visits to her family. Older brother Juan, who had already moved to the capital city, was charged with keeping an eye on his sister. Eva arrived in Buenos Aires at a time of great political change.
The Radical Party had fallen out of power by , replaced by a coalition of conservatives and wealthy landowners known as the Concordancia. This group removed reformists from government positions and gave jobs to their own friends and followers. Those who resisted or complained were often sent to prison. Poor people and the working class felt powerless against the wealthy minority.
With few material possessions and little money, Eva found herself among the poor, but she never lost her determination to succeed. After her job at the radio station ended, she found work as an actress in a troupe that traveled to small towns throughout Argentina.
Although she earned little, Eva made certain that she sent money to her mother and siblings. After gaining some acting experience on the road, Eva worked as a radio soap opera actress and even secured a few small film roles.
In , she and a business partner started their own business, the Company of the Theater of the Air, which produced radio soap operas and a series of biographies about famous women.
By , although she could not claim movie star status, year-old Eva had become successful and fairly well-off. She lived in an apartment in an upscale neighborhood, having escaped the shame of her impoverished childhood. By sheer will and determination, Eva had made her adolescent dream something of a reality. On January 15, , a massive earthquake struck western Argentina, killing 6, people. Argentines across the country wanted to help their fellow countrymen. Actors, singers, and others including Eva Duarte walked the streets of Buenos Aires to collect money for earthquake victims.
The fundraising effort culminated in a benefit held at a local stadium. Wealthy landowners, however, did not trust him and feared he wielded too much power. If I rest, how can I work, how can we survive? Elisa worked at the post office. Blanca studied to be a teacher in the pampas town of Bragado. Eva began primary school when she was eight. She attended first and second grade in Los Toldos. Her childhood was spent in contact with nature, climbing trees, raising silkworms, playing hide-and-seek, hopscotch and tag, wearing homemade costumes which replaced store bought toys and made her into whatever she wanted to be.
Her sister Erminda was her inseparable playmate and her brother Juan fulfilled their wishes: he made kites and even a piano with keys that moved; he was the architect who constructed their playhouses and the ringmaster of their circuses. Elisa and Blanca nourished their childhood fantasies with bedtime stories. In Juana decided to leave Los Toldos with her "tribe," as she liked to call her family, to seek a better fortune in the nearby town of Junin, where Elisa had been transferred. Blanca would soon begin teaching at the Sacred Heart School and Juan would find work in the town's pharmacy.
In Junin, the childhood theatricals of Los Toldos were replaced by roles on a real stage. Eva began to stand out for her ability to recite poetry. It was as though I wished to say something to others, something important which I felt in my deepest heart. Erminda was a member and even though Evita wasn't, she was still allowed to join the group and participate in a play called "Arriba Estudiantes.
Evita's "profound artistic vocation" as she herself spoke of her calling was nourished by Junin's cinema, her teenage radio auditions and her collection of film star pictures. In Junin Evita had to make her first choice: "Shall I remain a small town girl and marry here as so many girls do? Shall I be a teacher like Blanca? Or an employee like Elisa? The characteristics of Evita's personality fit her vocation.
I haven't even been able to tolerate that minimum loss of freedom which comes from living with your parents or in your hometown. Very early in life I left my home and my hometown and since then I've always lived free. I've wanted to be on my own and I have been on my own.
Ediciones, Buenos Aires, , pgs. The little girl of Los Toldos and Junin had been left behind. Together with a few personal possessions placed in a suitcase and lost over the course of the years, Eva took with her the pedaling sound of the New Home Sewing Machine, the remembrance of toys wished for but never obtained, the impact of the discovery that there are poor and rich in the world and the emotional indignation felt when faced with injustice Eva Duarte Actress.
Eva was just one more provincial to arrive in the great city during the '30's. More and more people with brown skin and provincial accents were coming into greater Buenos Aires. For Mr Regolo, the former first lady's compassion is in little doubt. And she was never a politician, she was Evita. Evita: A life in pictures. Huge mural in honour of Eva Peron. Country profile: Argentina. Timeline: Argentina.
Argentine head tells of her grief. Evita Peron Research Foundation. Evita - film. The poor and working classes found a champion in Evita Peron. But not everyone supported Evita. Paris couture. Evita's appeal transcended politics. Some draw comparisons between President Cristina Fernandez and Evita. Published 22 July Published 27 July Published 29 May
0コメント